Math

Performance Standards


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Language Arts Standards
Mathematics Standards
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By the end of grade four, students will add and subtract decimal fractions and common fractions with common denominators. They will also understand how and when it is appropriate to use rounding. Students will use common measurement units to determine weight. Students will develop their understanding of measuring angles with appropriate units and tools. Students will understand the characteristics of geometric plane and solid figures. They will also use tables, graphs, and charts to record and analyze data.

Instruction and assessment should include the use of manipulatives and appropriate technology. Topics should be represented in multiple ways including concrete/pictorial, verbal/written, numeric/data-based, graphical, and symbolic. Concepts should be introduced and used in the context of real world phenomena.

 

Concepts/Skills to Maintain
Addition and subtraction of decimals
Multiplication and Division of whole
numbers
Area
Perimeter
Place Value
Weight and Length

 

M4N. Number and Operations

Students will further develop their understanding of whole numbers and master the four basic operations with whole numbers by solving problems. They will also understand rounding and when to appropriately use it. Students will add and subtract decimal fractions and common fractions with common denominators.

 

M4N1. Students will further develop their understanding of how whole numbers are represented in the base-ten numeration system.
   
a. Identify place value names and places from hundredths through one million. 
    b. Equate a number's word name, its standard form, and its expanded form.

 

M4N2. Students will understand and apply the concept of rounding numbers.
    a. Round numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand.
    b. Describe situations in which rounding numbers would be appropriate and determine whether to round to the nearest ten, hundred, or thousand.
    c. Understand the meaning of rounding a decimal fraction to the nearest whole number.
    d. Represent the results of computation as a rounded number when appropriate and estimate a sum or difference by rounding numbers.

 

M4N3. Students will solve problems involving multiplication of 2-3 digit numbers by 1-2 digit numbers.

M4N4. Students will further develop their understanding of division of whole numbers and divide in problem solving situations without calculators.
    a. Know the division facts with understanding and fluency.
    b. Solve problems involving division by a 2-digit number (including those that generate a remainder).
    c. Understand the relationship between dividend, divisor, quotient, and remainder.
    d. Understand and explain the effect on the quotient of multiplying or dividing both the divisor and dividend by the same number. (2050 50 yields the same answer as 205 5).

M4N5. Students will further develop their understanding of the meaning of decimal fractions and use them in computations.
    a. Understand decimal fractions are a part of the base-ten system.
    b. Understand the relative size of numbers and order two digit decimal fractions.
    c. Add and subtract both one and two digit decimal fractions.
    d. Model multiplication and division of decimal fractions by whole numbers.
    e. Multiply and divide both one and two digit decimal fractions by whole numbers.

M4N6. Students will further develop their understanding of the meaning of common fractions and use them in computations.
   
a. Understand representations of simple equivalent fractions.
    b. Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with common denominators. (Denominators should not exceed twelve.)
    c. Convert and use mixed numbers and improper fractions interchangeably.

 

M4N7. Students will explain and use properties of the four arithmetic operations to solve and check problems.
    a. Describe situations in which the four operations may be used and the relationships among them.
    b. Compute using the order of operations, including parentheses.
    c. Compute using the commutative, associative, and distributive properties.
    d. Use mental math and estimation strategies to compute.

M4M. Measurement

Students will measure weight in appropriate metric and standard units. They will also measure angles.

M4M1. Students will understand the concept of weight and how to measure it.
    a. Use standard and metric units to measure the weight of objects.
    b. Know units used to measure weight (gram, kilogram, ounces, pounds and tons).
    c. Compare one unit to another within a single system of measurement.

 

M4M2. Students will understand the concept of angles and how to measure it.
    a. Use tools, such as a protractor or angle ruler, and other methods such as paper folding, drawing a diagonal in a square, to measure angles.
    b. Understand the meaning and measure of a half rotation (180
o) and a full rotation (360o).

M4G. Geometry

Students will understand and construct plane and solid geometric figures. They will also graph points on the coordinate plane.

 

M4G1. Students will define and identify the characteristics of geometric figures through examination and construction.
    a. Examine and compare angles in order to classify and identify triangles by their angles.
    b. Describe parallel and perpendicular lines in plane geometric figures.
    c. Examine and classify quadrilaterals (including parallelograms, squares, rectangles, trapezoids, and rhombi).
    d. Compare and contrast the relationships among quadrilaterals.

 

M4G2. Students will understand fundamental solid figures.
    a. Compare and contrast a cube and a rectangular prism in terms of the number and shape of their faces, edges, and vertices.
    b. Describe parallel and perpendicular lines and planes in connection with the rectangular prism.
    c. Construct/collect models for solid geometric figures (cube, prisms, cylinder, etc.).

M4G3. Students will use the coordinate system.
    a. Understand and apply ordered pairs in the first quadrant of the coordinate system.
    b. Locate a point in the first quadrant in the coordinate plane and name the ordered pair.

    c.
Graph ordered pairs in the first quadrant.

M4A. Algebra

Students will investigate and represent mathematical relationships between quantities using mathematical expressions in problem-solving situations.

 

M4A1. Students will represent and interpret mathematical relationships in quantitative expressions.
    a. Understand and apply patterns and rules
to describe relationships and solve problems.
    b. Represent unknowns using symbols, such as
  and .. c. Write and evaluate mathematical expressions using symbols and different values.

 

M4D. Data Analysis

 

Students will gather, organize, and display data. They will also compare features of graphs.

 

M4D1. Students will gather, organize, and display data according to the situation and compare related features.
    a. Represent data in bar, line and pictographs.
    b. Investigate the features and tendencies of graphs.
    c. Compare different graphical representations for a given set of data.
    d. Identify missing information and duplications in data.

 

M4P. Process Skills

Students will apply mathematical concepts and skills in the context of authentic problems and will understand concepts rather than merely following a sequence of procedures.

Students will use the process standards as a way of acquiring and using content knowledge.

 

M4P1. Using the appropriate technology, students will solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts.
    a. Solve non-routine word problems using the strategies of work backwards, use or make a table, and make an organized list as well as all strategies learned in previous grades.
    b. Solve single and multi-step routine word problems related to all appropriate fourth grade math standards.
    c. Determine the operation(s) needed to solve a problem.
    d. Determine the most efficient way to solve a problem (mentally, paper/pencil, or calculator).

M4P2. Students will investigate, develop, and evaluate mathematical arguments.

M4P3. Students will use the language of mathematics to express ideas precisely.

M4P4. Students will understand how mathematical ideas interconnect and build on one another and apply mathematics in other content areas.

M4P5. Students will create and use pictures, manipulatives, models, and symbols to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas.

 

Terms / Symbols: sum, difference, product, quotient, mixed fraction, proper fraction, improper fraction, point, ray, line, line segment, parallel, perpendicular, diagonal line, plane, weight, ounce, pound, ton, gram, kilogram, protractor, degree, rotation, parallelogram, trapezoid, rhombus, quadrilateral, congruent, cube, rectangular prism, coordinate system, ordered pair, ratio, proportion, variable, line graph, pictograph

 


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